HRYHORII PAVLUTSKYI IN THE 1920S: AN IMAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ERA
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2024.159.6
Keywords:
Pavlutskyi, Kyiv, the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Drahomanov, pedagogical activity, cabinet of artsAbstract
Introduction. Hryhorii Hryhorovych Pavlutskyi is an important and prominent personality in the history of the Ukrainian study of art and Ukrainian higher education. His scientific and pedagogical practice has repeatedly been the subject of study by Ukrainian researchers, but they focused on the period before 1920, especially 1917-1919, as the most fruitful for Pavlutskyi in terms of research, teaching, public and organizational activities. However, the last years of the scientist's life were not emphasized, with rather cursory mentions of his work and life at the time. The purpose of this article is to outline the main activities of Professor H.H. Pavlutskyi in the period from 1920 to 1924.
Methods. General scientific and historical methods made it possible to carry out a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the historical context of this topic. The facts analyzed in this article are considered in development in the context of a specific historical situation, which implies the use of the method of comparative and contrastive analysis. In selecting and analyzing the sources, a comprehensive approach, problematic-chronological, and comparative methods were applied.
Results. The article reconstructs the events of the last years of Professor H. Pavlutskyi's life, i.e. his pedagogical and administrative activities at the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Drahomanov in the early 1920s, characterize the main directions of work with students, and describes his relationships with colleagues at the institute. The final period of functioning of the Museum/Cabinet of Arts, which H. Pavlutskyi had been heading since 1898, is emphasized separately.
Conclusions. The beginning of the 1920s turned out to be a rather difficult period in the life of H. Pavlutskyi. In 1920-1922, due to the economic crisis in the country, he focused his attention on teaching: he continued to teach the history of European and Ukrainian art in newly established or reformed Kyiv universities and paid great attention to preparing students for future research. His main place of work at that time was the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Drahomanov. The professor held various administrative positions and supervised the work of several structural units of the institute. At the same time, the authorities demonstrated that he was a relic of a period that had passed irreversibly. This is confirmed by the history of the Cabinet of Fine Arts, which was destroyed just a few years after Pavlutskyi's death.
References
Alma Mater: St. Volodymyr's University on the Eve of and during the Ukrainian Revolution. 1917-1920. Materials, documents, memoirs: In 3 books. B. 1: St. Volodymyr's University between the two revolutions (2000). Prime [In Ukrainian]
[Bazilevich V.M.] Letters of Khlestakov (November 11, 1921). F. 33 "Serhii Ivanovich Maslov, 1880–1957” (№ 3737, S. 1–2), Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Russian]
Bogatikova, О. (2018). Teaching activity of Gregory Pavlutskiy and the development of higher education in Ukraine (the end of the ХІХ-th and the beginning of the ХХ-th century). East, 1 (153), 34-39 [In Ukrainian]
Denisenko, G.G. (2011). Pavlutskyi Hryhorii Hryhorovych. In V. A. Smoliy (Ed.) and others. Encyclopedia of the history of Ukraine: Vol. 8. Pa – Pryk (p. 16-17). Naukova Dumka [In Ukrainian] http://www.history.org.ua/?termin=Pavlutskyj_H
Zavalniuk, O. H. (2005). H. Pavlutskyi and the Formation of National University Education in Ukraine (1917-1920). Historical journal, 1, 112-120 [In Ukrainian]
Institute of People’s Education named after M. Dragomanov. Order on the transfer of the premises of the former church of the University of St. Vladimir and its property of art-historical importance to the Museum of the Institute (March 23, 1921). F. 33 "Serhii Ivanovich Maslov, 1880–1957” (№ 1666, S. 1), Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Russian]
History of Kyiv University. (2019). Vol. 1. PPC “Kyiv University” [In Ukrainian]
M.M. (1927). Hryhorii Hryhorovych Pavlutskyi. Pavlutskyi H. History of Ukrainian ornamentation. Printing house of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences [In Ukrainian]
Makarenko, M. (1927). Preface by the editor. Pavlutskyi H. History of Ukrainian ornamentation. Printing house of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences [In Ukrainian]
Materials on the work of the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Dragomanov, pedagogical schools and pedagogical training courses of the Kyiv province /reports, reports, minutes, memos, statistics, curricula, reviews, lists of teachers/ (1921). F. 166 "Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv" (In. 2, F. 286, 93 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Ukrainian]
Materials about the educational work of the Kyiv Institute of People’s Education and the workers’ faculty at the 1921/22–1923/24 academic years /protocols, reports, plans, programs, statements, lists of lecturers of the institute and students of the workers’ faculty/ (October 11, 1922–October 1, 1924). F. 166 “Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv” (In. 2, F. 1077, 401 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Museum of War and Revolution at Kyiv University /later at HIPE/ (1919-1924). F. 33 "Serhii Ivanovich Maslov, 1880–1957” ((№ 2074-2077), Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Russian]
Public education in Ukraine. (1924). Chervonyi shliakh. [In Russian]
Scientific archival fonds of manuscripts and phonorecordings of the M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology. Ф. 13-4/272. Ernst F. Memorials of art historian H.H. Pavlutskyi and artist E.A. Levytska. Арк. 4. Cit by: Storchai, O. (2009). Art Study at Kyiv University (1834-1924). Shchek. P. 191 [In Ukrainian]
Novytskyi, O. Prof. Pavlutskyi. /Article/, /Note to it/. (1923-1924 рр.) F. X " Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (1918-1933). Archive and collection of documents of the sixteenth and twentieth centuries.” ((№17859-17861, S. 1b.s.), Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Ohloblyn, O.(2003). Memories of Mykola Zerov and Pavlo Filipovych. Kyiv neoclassics. (p. 237-252). Fakt [In Ukrainian]
Pavlutskaya Sofia to [Bagalyi] Dmitri Ivanovich. Letter of 18 June 1926 from Kiev. Letter. 27 December 1927. F. I “‘Integrated fund “Literary materials” (№ 46083-46084)”, Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Russian]
Pavlutskaya Sofia to [Bagalyi] Dmitri Ivanovich. Letters. March 1924. F. I “‘Integrated fund “Literary materials” (№ 46085-46086)”, Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Russian]
Pavlutskaya Sofia to [Bagalyi] Dmitri Ivanovich. Letters: 10 March, 12 May 1925. F. I “‘Integrated fund “Literary materials” (№ 46087-46088)”, Manuscript Institute National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadskyi, Kyiv, Ukraine. [In Russian]
Polonska-Vasylenko, N. (2011). Memories. Kyiv-Mohyla Academy Publishing House [In Ukrainian]
Decree of the People's Commissariat of Education of the Ukrainian SSR on the organisation of management of higher education institutions. Reports of the heads of departments of the People's Commissariat of Education on the work of the departments. Orders of the People's Commissariat of Education on personnel, lists and certificates of employees (1 March 1919 - 21 August 1919). F. 166 "Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv" (In. 2, F. 22, 84 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Protocol of the general meeting of students of the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Dragomanov in Kyiv on the results of academic and educational work in 1921/1922 and letters from responsible employees of the Kyiv Regional Department of Public Education on the financial situation of Kyiv educators, morale, and the state of education (18 February 1921 – 10 July 1922). F. 166 "Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv" (In. 2, F. 287, 65 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Protocols of meetings of subcommittees on the reorganisation of the institute (1921). F. R-346 “O.M. Gorky Kyiv State Pedagogical Institute of the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian SSR” (In. 1, F. 18), State Archives of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Puchkov, A. (2017). Hryhoriy Pavlutsky as the first Ukrainian art historian, or the spatial horizon of an architectural historian locked in time. In: Pavlutskyi H. Wooden and stone churches of Ukraine. (h. 7-24). Publisher Oleksandr Savchuk [In Ukrainian]
Puchkov, A. (2018а). Art researcher Hryhoriy Pavlutsky, the first Ukrainian. Almaz [In Ukrainian]
Puchkov, A. (2018b). The tops of stately cypress trees: Hryhoriy Pavlutskyi as the first Ukrainian comparative art researcher, or hosanna to common sense. In: Puchkov, A. Between the navigational masts: Profiles of Ukrainian art historians (architecture and visual arts). (p. 95-196). Duh I litera [In Ukrainian]
Resolution of the Kyiv Bureau of the KP/b/U General Committee of 2.8.1924 on the report on the KIPE; reports on the work and bulletins of the Institute (9 January-30 December 1924). F. 166 "Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv" (In. 4, F. 634, 103 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Lists of administrative, teaching and technical staff with biographical data (1920-1923). F. R-346 “O.M. Gorky Kyiv State Pedagogical Institute of the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian SSR” (In. 1, F. 11), State Archives of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Lists of lecturers of the Higher Institute of People’s Education named after M. Drahomanov (1921–1931). F. 3561 "Personal fund of Professor Oleksandr Petrovych Ogloblyn, doctor of the history of Ukrainian culture" (In. 1, F. 259, 73 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Storchai, O. (2004). From the History of Hryhoriy Pavlutskyi's Art History and Teaching. Art Studies, 4, 58–71 [In Ukrainian]
Storchai, O. (2008). A panoramic overview of artistic and educational processes at Kyiv University in 1834-1924. Actual problems of artistic practice and art history, 1, 270-278. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/apmpmn_2008_1_44 [In Ukrainian]
Storchai, O. (2009). Art Study at Kyiv University (1834-1924). Shchek [In Ukrainian]
Storchay, O. (2013). Art Works of Hrygoriy Pavlutsky at Kyiv Exhibitions in 1910’s. Fine art Magazine, 2, 118-119; 3, 130-133.
Taranushenko, S. (1976). Monumental wooden architecture of the Left Bank of Ukraine. Budivelnyk.
Theses to reports, letters, report notes of the People's Commissariat of Education of the Ukrainian SSR to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine on the state of higher education in Ukraine (1 January 1926 - 31 December 1926). F. 1 "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CCPU), Kyiv (1918-1991)" (In. 20, F. 2264, 256 s.), Central State Archives of Public Organizations and Ukrainica, Kyiv, Ukraine [In Ukrainian]
Udrys, I. (1991). Ukrainian art history of the last quarter of the XIX - early XX century (Problems of formation and development). [Autoref. Diss. Ph.D. art history] Moscow State V. I. Lenin Pedagogical Institute [in Russian].
Photocards of the great format. F. 3561 "Personal fund of Professor Oleksandr Petrovych Ogloblyn, doctor of the history of Ukrainian culture" (In. 1, F. 342, 69 s.), The Central State Archive of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tsapenko, M.P. (1959). From the history of the search for a national style in Ukrainian architecture. Issues of the history of architecture and construction equipment in Ukraine, 285-302 [In Ukrainian]
Tsapenko, M.P. (1967). Architecture of the Left-Bank Ukraine of the XVII-XVIII centuries. Stroiyzdat [in Russian].
Ernst, F. (1924). Hryhoryi Hryhorevych Pavlutskyi. Among collectors, 5-6, 59-60.
